Edition 2

Bloody Thursday and the 1934 San Francisco General Strike

Bloody Thursday and the 1934 San Francisco General Strike

During the 1934 West Coast maritime strike, employers and city officials tried to reopen San Francisco's port with strikebreakers and police escorts. On 5 July, police fought pickets with tear gas, clubs, and gunfire. Howard Sperry and Nick Bordoise were shot in the back and killed near Mission and Steuart Streets. Their deaths helped turn public opinion and led into a four-day regional general strike.

During the 1934 West Coast maritime strike, employers and city officials tried to reopen San Francisco's port with strikebreakers and police escorts. On 5 July, police fought pickets with tear gas, clubs, and gunfire. Howard Sperry and Nick Bordoise were shot in the back and killed near Mission and Steuart Streets. Their deaths helped turn public opinion and led into a four-day regional general strike.

5 July 1934

5 July 1934

Former maritime union headquarters at Mission and Steuart Streets

Former maritime union headquarters at Mission and Steuart Streets

Waterfront hiring operated through a discriminatory daily shape-up and a company-backed union. Long shifts, dangerous cargo work, arbitrary selection, and blacklisting left workers with little control. On 9 May 1934, longshore workers struck across the West Coast for a coastwide agreement, shorter hours, higher pay, and a union hiring hall.

Waterfront hiring operated through a discriminatory daily shape-up and a company-backed union. Long shifts, dangerous cargo work, arbitrary selection, and blacklisting left workers with little control. On 9 May 1934, longshore workers struck across the West Coast for a coastwide agreement, shorter hours, higher pay, and a union hiring hall.

On 5 July, trucks with police escorts attempted to move cargo through the picket line at Pier 38. Fighting spread along the waterfront. Outside the maritime union headquarters at Mission and Steuart, plainclothes officers shot three men; Sperry and Bordoise died, while Charles Olsen survived.

On 5 July, trucks with police escorts attempted to move cargo through the picket line at Pier 38. Fighting spread along the waterfront. Outside the maritime union headquarters at Mission and Steuart, plainclothes officers shot three men; Sperry and Bordoise died, while Charles Olsen survived.

A solemn funeral procession on 9 July drew tens of thousands along Market Street. Union support widened, and workers across the Bay Area joined the San Francisco General Strike from 16 to 19 July. The maritime strike continued until the end of the month and moved to federal arbitration.

A solemn funeral procession on 9 July drew tens of thousands along Market Street. Union support widened, and workers across the Bay Area joined the San Francisco General Strike from 16 to 19 July. The maritime strike continued until the end of the month and moved to federal arbitration.

Arbitration produced a coastwide contract, a six-hour day, wage gains, and hiring halls with union dispatchers. The strike transformed maritime unionism on the Pacific Coast and became a major episode in the rise of industrial labor organization during the 1930s.

Arbitration produced a coastwide contract, a six-hour day, wage gains, and hiring halls with union dispatchers. The strike transformed maritime unionism on the Pacific Coast and became a major episode in the rise of industrial labor organization during the 1930s.

The corner makes visible how workplace rules can become street conflict. The strike was not only a dispute over pay: it concerned who controlled access to work, whether workers could organize across ports, and how government power was used during that contest.

The corner makes visible how workplace rules can become street conflict. The strike was not only a dispute over pay: it concerned who controlled access to work, whether workers could organize across ports, and how government power was used during that contest.

The old waterfront has been transformed, but Mission and Steuart remain public streets. Longshore workers continue to commemorate 5 July as Bloody Thursday, and oral histories, union archives, photographs, and the National Park Service preserve the strike's record.

The old waterfront has been transformed, but Mission and Steuart remain public streets. Longshore workers continue to commemorate 5 July as Bloody Thursday, and oral histories, union archives, photographs, and the National Park Service preserve the strike's record.

Contemporary and later sources give different crowd and general-strike participation estimates. The file uses cautious descriptions rather than a single disputed turnout. The shooting place and identities of Sperry, Bordoise, and surviving victim Olsen are well documented.

Contemporary and later sources give different crowd and general-strike participation estimates. The file uses cautious descriptions rather than a single disputed turnout. The shooting place and identities of Sperry, Bordoise, and surviving victim Olsen are well documented.

Chaos Tourist editorial

Chaos Tourist editorial

The Longshoremen's and General Strikes of 1934
Remembering Bloody Thursday: July 5, 1934 on the San Francisco waterfront
1934 Longshore Strike

The Longshoremen's and General Strikes of 1934
Remembering Bloody Thursday: July 5, 1934 on the San Francisco waterfront
1934 Longshore Strike