Where this source supports the record
Each entry separates the article’s editorial relevance note from its exact, section-level claims. A bibliography link without a direct claim is labeled plainly.
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Historic crimes & investigations · 9 January-30 May 1431Open article references →
Trial and Execution of Joan of Arc
Place du Vieux-Marché execution site · France
Why editors use it hereOfficial heritage guide connecting the prison, trial, sentencing, execution square, surviving places, and later public memory.
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Quick read
In 1431, an ecclesiastical court at English-controlled Rouen prosecuted Joan of Arc after her capture and transfer to English custody.
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Trigger and conditions
Preliminary inquiries began in January 1431, followed by public and private sessions in which judges repeatedly questioned Joan without a defense advocate.
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Uncertainty
The extensive trial record preserves mediated Latin and French versions rather than an unaltered transcript of every spoken exchange.
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Why it matters
The case shows how law, theology, occupation, gender expectations, and military power can converge in a prosecution.
Reviewed 5 August 2026
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Quick read