Government or official record

Place du Vieux-Marché

City of Rouen

Where this source supports the record

Each entry separates the article’s editorial relevance note from its exact, section-level claims. A bibliography link without a direct claim is labeled plainly.

Historic crimes & investigations · 9 January-30 May 1431
Trial and Execution of Joan of Arc

Place du Vieux-Marché execution site · France

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Why editors use it here
Official city place history identifying the execution site, memorial cross, surviving archaeology, and later transformation of the square.
1. Quick read
  In 1431, an ecclesiastical court at English-controlled Rouen prosecuted Joan of Arc after her capture and transfer to English custody.
  Reviewed 5 August 2026
2. Trigger and conditions
  Preliminary inquiries began in January 1431, followed by public and private sessions in which judges repeatedly questioned Joan without a defense advocate.
  Reviewed 5 August 2026
3. Uncertainty
  The extensive trial record preserves mediated Latin and French versions rather than an unaltered transcript of every spoken exchange.
  Reviewed 5 August 2026
4. Why it matters
  The case shows how law, theology, occupation, gender expectations, and military power can converge in a prosecution.
  Reviewed 5 August 2026