Government or official record
Engine Company 73 / Hook & Ladder Company 42 Designation Report
New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission
Where this source supports the record
Each entry separates the article’s editorial relevance note from its exact, section-level claims. A bibliography link without a direct claim is labeled plainly.
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Fires · 16–17 December 1835Open article references →
The Great New York Fire of 1835
Hanover Square and the burned commercial district · United States
Why editors use it hereMunicipal history of New York firefighting that documents the 1835 fire's twenty-block and building losses.
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Quick read
On the bitterly cold night of 16 December 1835, fire spread through New York's densely packed commercial district near Wall Street and the East River.
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Trigger and conditions
A fire discovered in a Merchant Street warehouse grew beyond the first companies' control.
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Uncertainty
Sources give slightly different totals for buildings and monetary loss because the fire crossed property and accounting boundaries.
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Why it matters
The fire was a systems failure produced by weather, urban form, stored commodities, water infrastructure, and institutional capacity.
Reviewed 26 July 2026
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Quick read