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Primary document

Personal Accounts from the 1811–1812 New Madrid Earthquakes

U.S. Geological Survey

Where this source supports the record

Each entry separates the article’s editorial relevance note from its exact, section-level claims. A bibliography link without a direct claim is labeled plainly.

  1. Natural disasters · 16 December 1811–7 February 1812

    The 1811–1812 New Madrid Earthquakes

    New Madrid seismic zone and Mississippi River landscape · United States

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    Why editors use it here

    Curated eyewitness accounts and geographic context used to reconstruct the pre-instrumental sequence.

    1. Quick read

      From 16 December 1811 through 7 February 1812, three principal earthquakes and a powerful aftershock sequence transformed parts of the central Mississippi Valley.

      Reviewed 26 July 2026
    2. Trigger and conditions

      At about 2:15 a.m.

      Reviewed 26 July 2026
    3. Uncertainty

      There were no seismographs, and magnitude values are modern estimates derived from felt reports and geological evidence.

      Reviewed 26 July 2026
    4. Why it matters

      New Madrid challenges the comforting idea that American earthquake risk belongs only to the West Coast.

      Reviewed 26 July 2026