Government or official record
American Labor History Theme Study
U.S. National Park Service
Where this source supports the record
Each entry separates the article’s editorial relevance note from its exact, section-level claims. A bibliography link without a direct claim is labeled plainly.
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Social movements · 16 July–August 1877Open article references →
The Great Railroad Strike of 1877
Baltimore & Ohio Railroad Martinsburg shops · United States
Why editors use it hereFederal scholarly context for the strike within industrial labor, state force, and later organizing.
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Quick read
In July 1877, Baltimore & Ohio workers at Martinsburg stopped trains after another ten-percent wage cut.
Reviewed 26 July 2026 -
Trigger and conditions
Major railroads announced new wage reductions in summer 1877.
Reviewed 26 July 2026 -
Uncertainty
National casualty and participation totals vary because the movement lacked central records and mixed strikers, supporters, bystanders, and property attacks.
Reviewed 26 July 2026 -
Why it matters
The strike was neither one centrally planned insurrection nor a set of unrelated riots.
Reviewed 26 July 2026
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Quick read
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Social movements · 1 July–21 November 1892Open article references →
The Homestead Steel Strike
Former Homestead Steel Works riverfront · United States
Why editors use it hereFederal scholarly study of union strength, Carnegie and Frick strategy, battle, militia intervention, and long-term deunionization.
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Quick read
In 1892, Carnegie Steel locked out union workers at its Homestead mill near Pittsburgh.
Reviewed 26 July 2026 -
Trigger and conditions
Workers took control of approaches to the mill after the lockout.
Reviewed 26 July 2026 -
Uncertainty
Contemporary accounts were highly partisan and disagree about the first shot and some casualty details.
Reviewed 26 July 2026 -
Why it matters
The violence was not simply a clash between equal private armies.
Reviewed 26 July 2026
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Quick read